ASTM A216: Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon Suitable for Fusion Welding, for High-Temperature Service
ASTM A216/A216M specification covers carbon steel castings for valves, flanges, fittings, or other pressure-containing parts for high-temperature service and of quality suitable for assembly with other castings or wrought-steel parts by fusion welding.
Three grades, WCA, WCB, and WCC, are covered in this specification. Selection will depend upon design and service conditions, mechanical properties, and the high temperature characteristics.
The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
Chemical Requirements
| Material Grade | Element, % | |||||||||
| Carbon | Manganese | Phosphorus | Sulfur | Silicon | Nickel | Chromium | Molybdenum | Copper | Vanadium | |
| WCA J02502 | 0.25 | 0.70 | 0.035 | 0.035 | 0.60 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.20 | 0.30 | 0.03 |
| WCB J03002 | 0.30 | 1.00 | 0.035 | 0.035 | 0.60 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.20 | 0.30 | 0.03 |
| WCC J02503 | 0.25 | 1.2 | 0.035 | 0.035 | 0.60 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.20 | 0.30 | 0.03 |
A All values are maximums.
B For lower maximum sulfur content, see Supplementary Requirement S52.
C Specified Residual Elements—Except when Supplementary Requirement S50 is specified, the total content of these elements is 1.00 % maximum.
D For each reduction of 0.01 % below the specified maximum carbon content, an increase of 0.04 % manganese above the specified maximum will be permitted up to a maximum of 1.10 % for WCA, 1.28 % for WCB, and 1.40 % for WCC.
Tensile Requirements (Physical Performance)
| Material Grade | Tensile Strength Ksi [MPa] | Yield Strength, ksi [MPa] | Elongation in 2 in. [50 mm], % C | Reduction of Area, % |
| WCA | 60–85 [415–585] | 30 [205] | 24 | 35 |
| WCB | 70–95 [485–655] | 36 [250] | 22 | 35 |
| WCC | 70–95 [485–655] | 40 [275] | 22 | 35 |
Note A All values are minimums, except where a range is provided.
Note B Determine by either 0.2 % offset method or 0.5 % extension-under-load method.
Note C When ICI test bars are used in tensile testing as provided for in Specification A703/A703M, the gage length to reduced section diameter ratio shall be 4 to 1.
General Conditions for Delivery
Except for investment castings, castings furnished to this specification shall conform to the requirements of Specification A703/A703M, including any supplementary requirements that are indicated in the purchase order. Failure to comply with the general requirements of Specification A703/ A703M constitutes nonconformance with this specification. In case of conflict between the requirements of this specification and Specification A703/A703M, this specification shall prevail.
Steel investment castings furnished to this specification shall conform to the requirements of Specification A985/A985M, including any supplementary requirements that are indicated in the purchase order. Failure to comply with the general requirements of Specification A985/A985M constitutes nonconformance with this specification. In case of conflict between the requirements of this specification and Specification A985/A985M, Specification A985/A985M shall prevail.
Ordering Information
The inquiry and order should include or indicate the following:
A description of the casting by pattern number or drawing (dimensional tolerances shall be included on the casting drawing), Grade of steel Options in the specification, Whether the castings are to be produced using the investment casting process, and The supplementary requirements desired including the standards of acceptance.
Heat Treatment
All castings shall receive a heat treatment proper to their design and chemical composition.
Castings shall be furnished in the annealed, or normalized, or normalized and tempered condition unless Supplementary Requirement S15 is specified.
Heat treatment shall be performed after castings have been allowed to cool below the transformation range.
Temperature Control
Furnace temperatures for heat treating shall be effectively controlled by pyrometer
Quality
The surface of the casting shall be examined visually and shall be free of adhering sand, scale, cracks, and hot tears.
Other surface discontinuities shall meet the visual acceptance standards specified in the order. Visual Method MSS SP-55 or other visual standards may be used to define acceptable surface discontinuities and finish. Unacceptable visual surface discontinuities shall be removed and their removal verified by visual examination of the resultant cavities.
When additional inspection is desired, Supplementary Requirements S4, S5, and S10 may be ordered.
The castings shall not be peened, plugged, or impregnated to stop leaks.
